Story perspectives

Modi Navigates Complex Ties with Putin and Xi at SCO

9/15/2025

Summary

Story summary

Prime Minister Modi's engagement with Putin and Xi at the SCO Summit illustrates India's complex foreign policy amid U.S.-India tensions.
His attendance reflects India's balancing act between Western alliances and ties with Russia, despite U.S. tariffs on exports.
Modi's cautious interactions with Xi addressed border stability and trade, while his rapport with Putin was warmer.
India's reliance on Russian energy complicates its position amid U.S. expectations and regional rivalries.
Overall, India focuses on national interests, managing relationships with major powers while striving for strategic autonomy.

History

Historical Context

The Indo-Soviet Treaty of 1971 marked a pivotal moment in India's foreign relations, establishing a strategic partnership with the Soviet Union that included $1 billion in military aid. This historical reliance on Russian support continues to influence India's foreign policy, as seen in Prime Minister Modi's recent engagement with Putin and Xi at the SCO Summit, highlighting India's balancing act between Western alliances and traditional ties with Russia.

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Story summary

Prime Minister Modi's engagement with Putin and Xi at the SCO Summit illustrates India's complex foreign policy amid U.S.-India tensions.
His attendance reflects India's balancing act between Western alliances and ties with Russia, despite U.S. tariffs on exports.
Modi's cautious interactions with Xi addressed border stability and trade, while his rapport with Putin was warmer.
India's reliance on Russian energy complicates its position amid U.S. expectations and regional rivalries.
Overall, India focuses on national interests, managing relationships with major powers while striving for strategic autonomy.

1 / 2