The Importance of Soil and Water Conservation Districts in Urbanized Areas

Soil conservation districts were established in response to the Dust Bowl of the 1930s, a period marked by severe drought and poor farming practices that led to significant topsoil loss across several states. The East Multnomah Soil and Water Conservation District in Oregon was founded in 1950 by landowners and farmers aiming to combat soil erosion and promote sustainable agricultural practices. As urbanization has transformed Multnomah County, the relevance of these districts has come into question.

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Despite the urbanization of Multnomah County, Kelly Beamer, the executive director of the East Multnomah Soil and Water Conservation District, asserts that the district remains essential. The organization focuses on various initiatives, including restoring riparian areas, establishing community gardens, and preserving local farming. A notable example is the Crooked Tine Farm, which was preserved through a conservation easement that prevented future development, allowing Bear Carter and her partner to purchase the land at a reduced price. This program has facilitated the establishment of 14 new farms over the past 13 years.

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The East Multnomah Soil and Water Conservation District is funded by approximately $6.4 million in property taxes, equating to about $53 annually for the average Portland homeowner. The district has adapted its governance structure to include board members who may not own farmland, reflecting a broader community engagement. Ramona DeNies, a new board member, emphasizes the importance of maintaining healthy salmon streams within the district, highlighting ongoing projects such as the removal of a dam along Kelly Creek.

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While the conservation district plays a crucial role in urban and rural areas, some critics question the effectiveness of conservation easements and the long-term sustainability of urban farming. Concerns have been raised about the balance between urban development and agricultural preservation, particularly as land prices continue to rise.

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Beamer has stated, “We absolutely still need a soil and water conservation district,” underscoring the ongoing need for conservation efforts in urban settings. Carter, the new owner of Crooked Tine Farm, noted, “The conservation district... made purchasing and conserving farmland a possibility,” reflecting the positive impact of these initiatives on local agriculture.

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As urban areas continue to expand, the role of soil and water conservation districts becomes increasingly vital. They not only support agricultural sustainability but also foster community engagement in environmental stewardship. The ongoing efforts of the East Multnomah Soil and Water Conservation District exemplify how these organizations can adapt to changing landscapes while remaining committed to their foundational goals.

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