Story perspectives

Targeting Z-RNA Activation Offers New Antiviral Strategies

10/14/2025

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Summary

Story summary

Host cell-encoded Z-RNAs activate ZBP1 during infections by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and Influenza A virus (IAV), triggering programmed cell death.
This activation occurs because viral disruption of transcription termination leads to accumulation of Z-RNAs in host cells.
Endogenous retroelements contribute to Z-RNA production in this context.
Targeting transcription termination mechanisms could enhance antiviral strategies and provide new therapeutic avenues against viral infections.

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Story summary

Host cell-encoded Z-RNAs activate ZBP1 during infections by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and Influenza A virus (IAV), triggering programmed cell death.
This activation occurs because viral disruption of transcription termination leads to accumulation of Z-RNAs in host cells.
Endogenous retroelements contribute to Z-RNA production in this context.
Targeting transcription termination mechanisms could enhance antiviral strategies and provide new therapeutic avenues against viral infections.