Story perspectives

Creatine Boosts Serum Creatinine, Raises Bias Concerns

11/8/2025

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Summary

Story summary

Creatine supplementation led to a significant increase in serum creatinine levels, particularly in studies with follow-up durations shorter than one week.
GFR changes did not reach statistical significance.
The analysis found potential publication bias for both serum creatinine and GFR studies, with asymmetrical funnel plots suggesting small-study effects.
The included studies carried an overall risk of bias rated as some concern because of methodological limitations and small sizes.

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Story summary

Creatine supplementation led to a significant increase in serum creatinine levels, particularly in studies with follow-up durations shorter than one week.
GFR changes did not reach statistical significance.
The analysis found potential publication bias for both serum creatinine and GFR studies, with asymmetrical funnel plots suggesting small-study effects.
The included studies carried an overall risk of bias rated as some concern because of methodological limitations and small sizes.