Viola Fletcher: Last Survivor of the Tulsa Race Massacre Passes Away

Viola Fletcher, the oldest known survivor of the Tulsa Race Massacre, passed away at the age of 111. Her death was announced by Tulsa Mayor Monroe Nichols, leaving only one surviving witness, Lessie Evelyn Benningfield, who is also 111 years old. Fletcher's life and testimony highlighted the historical significance of the massacre, which occurred in 1921 and resulted in the destruction of the prosperous Greenwood neighborhood, known as "Black Wall Street."

New York Times

The Tulsa Race Massacre began on June 1, 1921, following an incident involving a 19-year-old Black shoe shiner, Dick Rowland, and a 17-year-old white elevator operator, Sarah Page. Rumors of an attempted assault led to white residents attacking the affluent Black community of Greenwood, resulting in widespread violence, destruction, and an estimated 300 deaths. The massacre left thousands homeless and devastated a thriving community that had been a symbol of Black entrepreneurship and resilience.

New York Times

Viola Fletcher was born and raised in Greenwood, where her family was part of the vibrant community that thrived before the massacre. Her stepfather, Henry Ellis, worked multiple jobs to support the family. Fletcher's memories of her childhood include community gatherings and the cultural richness of her neighborhood. In her later years, she became an advocate for reparations, testifying before Congress about the trauma she experienced during the massacre.

New York Times

Mayor Monroe Nichols expressed condolences upon announcing Fletcher's death, recognizing her as a vital link to a painful chapter in American history. Fletcher's testimony in Congress aimed to shed light on the injustices faced by survivors and their descendants, advocating for reparations to address the historical wrongs of the massacre.

New York Times

Despite the acknowledgment of the massacre's impact, there remains a contentious debate surrounding reparations for the descendants of victims. Some critics argue that the government has not done enough to address the systemic inequalities that persist today. Advocates for reparations, however, emphasize the need for recognition and compensation as a means of healing and justice.

New York Times

As the last surviving witness to the Tulsa Race Massacre, Fletcher's passing marks a significant moment in the ongoing dialogue about racial justice and reparations in the United States. Advocacy groups are likely to continue pushing for reparations and recognition of the massacre's legacy, ensuring that the stories of survivors like Fletcher are preserved for future generations.

New York Times