Italy Enacts Landmark Femicide Law Amid Growing Violence Against Women

On November 25, 2023, Italy's parliament approved a significant law that formally introduces femicide into the country's criminal code, imposing life imprisonment for offenders. This legislative action coincided with the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women, as designated by the United Nations General Assembly. The law received bipartisan support, passing with 237 votes in favor from both the center-right coalition led by Premier Giorgia Meloni and the center-left opposition.

Associated Press

The law is a direct response to escalating violence against women in Italy, highlighted by high-profile cases such as the murder of university student Giulia Cecchettin in 2023. In 2024, Italy's statistics agency, Istat, reported 106 femicides, with 62 committed by partners or former partners. The legislation also strengthens measures against related gender-based crimes, including stalking and revenge porn.

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Premier Giorgia Meloni emphasized the government's commitment to combating gender-based violence, stating, “We have doubled funding for anti-violence centers and shelters, promoted an emergency hotline and implemented innovative education and awareness-raising activities.” Meloni acknowledged the law as a step forward but asserted that more action is necessary to address the root causes of violence against women.

Associated Press

Despite the law's passage, the center-left opposition expressed concerns that the government's approach primarily addresses criminality while neglecting underlying economic and cultural issues. Elly Schlein, head of Italy’s Democratic Party, criticized the government's stance on sexual and emotional education in schools, stating, “Repression is not enough without prevention, which can only start in schools.” The opposition argues that Italy remains one of only seven European countries without compulsory sex and relationship education, advocating for its implementation across all educational levels.

Associated Press

While the law marks a significant legislative achievement, there are ongoing debates regarding the effectiveness of the measures proposed. Critics argue that without addressing the broader societal factors contributing to gender-based violence, such as economic inequality and cultural attitudes, the law may not lead to substantial change. Additionally, the proposed government measure to ban sexual and emotional education for younger students has sparked controversy, with opponents labeling it as regressive.

Associated Press

• “We have doubled funding for anti-violence centers and shelters, promoted an emergency hotline and implemented innovative education and awareness-raising activities,” — Giorgia Meloni, Premier of Italy

Associated Press

• “Repression is not enough without prevention, which can only start in schools.” — Elly Schlein, Head of Italy’s Democratic Party

Associated Press

The enactment of the femicide law represents a pivotal moment in Italy's ongoing struggle against gender-based violence, reflecting both progress and the complexities of addressing deeply rooted societal issues.

Associated Press