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Story perspectives

Ozone Hole Closes Early, Recovery Linked to Montreal Protocol

12/5/2025

50 11 Full Breakdown

Summary

Story summary

In September 2025, the ozone hole reached 21.08 million km², below the 2023 peak of 26.1.
By December 1, 2025, the ozone hole had closed, the earliest closure since 2019.
Unusual features included higher ozone column minimum values and lower mass deficit values.
The recovery is attributed to the Montreal Protocol's ban on ozone-depleting substances, with recovery in Antarctica projected between 2050 and 2066.

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Story summary

In September 2025, the ozone hole reached 21.08 million km², below the 2023 peak of 26.1.
By December 1, 2025, the ozone hole had closed, the earliest closure since 2019.
Unusual features included higher ozone column minimum values and lower mass deficit values.
The recovery is attributed to the Montreal Protocol's ban on ozone-depleting substances, with recovery in Antarctica projected between 2050 and 2066.