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Researchers: AI Lacks Key Traits for True Consciousness

12/24/2025

Summary

Story summary

Researchers Borjan Milinkovic and Jaan Aru argue that artificial intelligence (AI) cannot achieve consciousness due to computation differences.
Biological brains use hybrid computation blending continuous and discrete processes, while digital systems are separate components.
The brain's energy efficiency enables complex tasks without extra energy use, a feature AI lacks.
They outline three criteria for artificial consciousness: hybrid computation, scale-inseparability under energy limits, and modifiable physical structure, implying research directions.

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Story summary

Researchers Borjan Milinkovic and Jaan Aru argue that artificial intelligence (AI) cannot achieve consciousness due to computation differences.
Biological brains use hybrid computation blending continuous and discrete processes, while digital systems are separate components.
The brain's energy efficiency enables complex tasks without extra energy use, a feature AI lacks.
They outline three criteria for artificial consciousness: hybrid computation, scale-inseparability under energy limits, and modifiable physical structure, implying research directions.