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Story summary
- On January 19, 2026, a high court ruling upheld Pava in English Young offender institutions (YOIs).
- The Howard League for Penal Reform challenged the decision, citing risks to disabled and minority-ethnic children.
- Justice Mr. Calver noted that Shabana Mahmood, justice secretary, ensured Pava would be used only as a last resort.
- The ruling drew mixed reactions, with Howard League disappointed and YOIs reporting a 58% rise in serious assaults.
