Full Breakdown
The Struggle for Survival: Thailand's Dugongs and Their Vanishing Habitat
1/21/2026, 2:31:31 AM
Core Event: The Decline of Dugongs in Thailand
Dugongs (Dugong dugon), marine mammals closely related to manatees, are facing a critical decline in Thailand, particularly in Tang Khen Bay. The last remaining patches of seagrass, essential for their survival, are rapidly disappearing due to various environmental pressures, leading to increased mortality rates among these vulnerable creatures.
Background & Context: Habitat Loss and Environmental Challenges
An August 2025 assessment by the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals classified dugongs as vulnerable to extinction, with many populations critically endangered. Factors contributing to their decline include habitat loss, climate change, noise pollution, boat strikes, and water pollution. The tragic case of a baby dugong named Marium, found dead with plastic in her stomach in 2019, highlighted the dire situation facing these animals.
Key Figures & Groups: The Role of Theerasak 'Pop' Saksritawee
Theerasak 'Pop' Saksritawee, an amateur conservationist and social media influencer, has taken it upon himself to monitor the remaining dugongs in Tang Khen Bay. Using a drone, Pop tracks the movements of the last dugong, Miracle, and raises awareness about the threats to their habitat. His efforts are supported by scientists from the Phuket Marine Biological Centre, who are investigating the causes of the seagrass die-off.
The Impact of Seagrass Loss on Dugong Populations
Dugongs are seagrass specialists, consuming up to 60 kg of seagrass daily. The die-off of seagrass in Thailand, particularly in Trang province, has led to increased strandings and fatalities. From 2019 to 2022, an average of 20 dugong strandings were reported annually, which more than doubled to 42 per year from 2023 to 2024. Petch Manopawitr, an ecologist, estimates that the dugong population has halved in recent years.
Official Statements & Responses: Scientific Findings and Local Efforts
An international team of scientists, led by Helene Marsh, conducted a fact-finding mission in January 2025. They concluded that the seagrass die-off was likely due to a combination of factors, including increased pollution, sedimentation, and climate change. Local residents, including Pop and Manee Sanae, have initiated community efforts to protect the dugongs, such as monitoring fishing activities in the bay.
Criticism & Opposition: The Fragility of the Ecosystem
Experts express concern over the fragility of the seagrass ecosystem. Manopawitr notes that the current situation is puzzling, as it does not appear linked to extreme weather events but may be a chronic issue exacerbated by human activities. The construction of new hotels and increased runoff from heavy rains further threaten the delicate balance of the ecosystem.
What's Next: Community Initiatives and Conservation Efforts
Moving forward, conservationists advocate for locally managed marine areas and adaptive measures to create corridors for migrating dugongs. While some dugongs have begun to reproduce in Krabi, the long-term survival of the species remains uncertain without significant intervention and habitat restoration efforts.
Verbatim Quotes
- “Dugongs are a vital part of my home.” — Theerasak 'Pop' Saksritawee, Amateur Conservationist
- “We have probably easily lost half the population,” — Petch Manopawitr, Ecologist
- “The rain washes down materials from the construction site into the bay,” — Theerasak 'Pop' Saksritawee, on pollution impacts
The plight of Thailand's dugongs underscores the urgent need for concerted conservation efforts to address the environmental challenges threatening their survival.
