The Emergence of the CL1 Biological Computer: A New Era in Computing

The CL1 biological computer, developed by the Australian company Cortical Labs, represents a significant advancement in computing technology, utilizing lab-grown human neurons for its operations. Designed primarily for biomedical research, the CL1 aims to provide a faster and more energy-efficient alternative to traditional silicon-based computers. The device is expected to enhance drug development processes and deepen understanding of neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive functions.

The computer that runs on human neurons

The CL1 is a hybrid system that integrates biological and technological components. It features an internal structure that regulates gas flow, temperature, and nutrient delivery to the neurons, which are cultured outside a living organism. The device measures approximately 20 inches long and 6 inches wide, weighing nearly 13 pounds. It operates on a biological intelligence system called bioS, allowing users to execute code through the neurons. Priced at around $35,000, the CL1 is intended for researchers and scientists rather than general consumers.

The computer that runs on human neurons

Cortical Labs emphasizes the CL1's potential to reduce energy consumption significantly compared to conventional computing systems. While a typical graphics processing unit (GPU) can consume over 3.7 million watts annually, the CL1 operates on just 850 to 1,000 watts. This efficiency is particularly relevant as digital activities currently account for 7% of global electricity consumption. The CL1's design aims to mimic biological processes, ensuring that the neurons remain nourished and healthy.

The computer that runs on human neurons

The primary objective of the CL1 is to facilitate a new form of computing that is not only faster but also minimizes data usage and energy consumption. Hon Weng Chong, founder and director of Cortical Labs, asserts that the neuron’s self-programmable nature and evolutionary advantages make it a promising candidate for future computing paradigms. The company has previously conducted experiments using mouse neurons, including a project where a prototype composed of 800,000 neurons was trained to play the video game Pong.

The computer that runs on human neurons

Despite its innovative approach, the CL1 has faced scrutiny regarding ethical implications, particularly concerning the use of biological materials in computing. Critics may raise concerns about the potential for exploitation of living cells and the implications of using biological systems for computational tasks. However, Chong argues that the CL1 could reduce reliance on animal testing in research.

The computer that runs on human neurons

Cortical Labs plans to launch the Cortical Cloud in July 2025, enabling researchers to remotely manipulate neurons via the CL1. This platform aims to foster collaboration within the research community by providing open access to experimental data and coding capabilities. With over 1,000 subscribers already, the initiative seeks to integrate biological computation into broader scientific projects.

The computer that runs on human neurons

• “We think that, since we’re experiencing a push for computers to have artificial intelligence, then there really must be an interest in understanding how intelligence arises, which is biological in origin.” — Hon Weng Chong, Founder and Director of Cortical Labs

The computer that runs on human neurons

• “The neuron is self-programmable, infinitely flexible and the result of four billion years of evolution,” — Hon Weng Chong, Founder and Director of Cortical Labs

The computer that runs on human neurons

• “We want to provide this information openly to the research community, so that they can also integrate it into their projects,” — Hon Weng Chong, Founder and Director of Cortical Labs

The computer that runs on human neurons

The CL1 biological computer stands at the forefront of a potential revolution in computing, merging biological intelligence with technological innovation to address pressing challenges in research and energy consumption.

The computer that runs on human neurons