Debate Over Defining Anti-Muslim Hostility in the UK

The UK government is facing significant debate over the adoption of a non-statutory definition of anti-Muslim hostility, which has been proposed by a working group led by Shaista Gohir, head of the Muslim Women’s Network. This initiative follows a notable increase in hate crimes against Muslims, with reported incidents rising from 2,690 to 3,199 in the year leading up to March 2025. Gohir argues that failing to adopt this definition would signal to British Muslims that their safety is not a priority, especially as the political climate appears to be worsening.

The Guardian

The push for a definition comes amid alarming statistics indicating that 62.7% of British Muslims feel negative about their future in the UK, a stark contrast to the 93% who felt a strong sense of belonging a decade ago. The Muslim Census, in collaboration with Islamic Relief UK and the National Zakat Foundation, highlights concerns over rising Islamophobia and its impact on community cohesion. Gohir emphasizes that the proposed definition aims to provide clarity and protection under existing laws, particularly in light of increasing personal attacks against Muslims.

The Guardian

Shaista Gohir, as a cross-bench peer and advocate for Muslim rights, has been vocal about the need for a definition to protect against discrimination. The working group she is part of includes Dominic Grieve KC, a former attorney general, who supports the initiative. In contrast, the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) and the Conservative think tank Policy Exchange have expressed opposition, arguing that a new definition could conflict with existing laws and limit freedom of expression.

The Guardian

Critics, including the EHRC, argue that legal protections against discrimination already exist, making a new definition unnecessary. They warn that it could create confusion within the legal system and undermine counter-terrorism laws. The Policy Exchange has also raised concerns that such a definition could be misused to challenge immigration policies and foreign relations without democratic oversight.

The Guardian

The UK government has not yet adopted the proposed definition, citing a lack of broad acceptance and the need for further consideration. Gohir has criticized this stance, suggesting it reflects unequal treatment compared to the swift adoption of definitions for antisemitism. She asserts that the absence of a definition would convey to Muslim communities that their safety is not valued.

The Guardian

The proposed definition is expected to undergo a consultation process if the government decides to move forward. This step could potentially lead to a formal acknowledgment of anti-Muslim hostility, which advocates argue is essential for fostering a safer environment for Muslims in the UK.

The Guardian

“Every group has the right to be protected. The only reason why we’re asking for it is because of the high levels of abuse,” — Shaista Gohir, Head of the Muslim Women’s Network

The Guardian

“If they do not adopt a definition the Labour government will be sending a message to the Muslim communities that you don’t matter, your safety does not matter, Muslims do not matter,” — Shaista Gohir

The Guardian

“Legal protections against discrimination and hate crime already exist, so it is unclear what role a new definition would play in addressing discrimination and abuse targeted at Muslims,” — EHRC Spokesperson

The Guardian

“There’s unequal treatment.” — Shaista Gohir

The Guardian