Lebanon's Plan to Control Arms North of the Litani River

Lebanon's government is set to decide next week on advancing to the second phase of a plan aimed at extending state authority and controlling all arms in areas north of the Litani River. This decision will follow a presentation by the Lebanese army detailing its operational needs and capabilities, as stated by Information Minister Paul Morcos during a recent visit to Kuwait for an Arab meeting. The Lebanese army has claimed operational control over the region between the Litani River and the Israeli border since January.

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The initiative to control arms is part of a broader effort to consolidate state authority in Lebanon, aligning with a U.S.-brokered ceasefire established in November 2024, which concluded a conflict between Israel and Hezbollah, an Iran-backed Shi'ite Muslim group. The Lebanese government has previously completed the first phase of this disarmament process in the southern region of the Litani River.

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Morcos emphasized that the goal of the disarmament plan is to enhance stability in Lebanon, asserting that there is no intention for confrontation between the Lebanese army and Hezbollah. He stated, "The objective is to extend state authority and achieve stability, and insofar as these goals can be achieved together, we will proceed." This reflects a diplomatic approach to managing the complex relationship between the Lebanese state and Hezbollah.

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The backdrop of this initiative includes ongoing tensions in the region, particularly with Israel, which has conducted regular airstrikes in Lebanon since the ceasefire. According to Lebanese security sources, these strikes have resulted in approximately 400 fatalities. Israel has accused Hezbollah of attempting to rearm in violation of the ceasefire, while Hezbollah maintains that it has adhered to the terms of the agreement.

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Despite the government's assurances, there are concerns regarding the feasibility of disarming Hezbollah, given its significant military capabilities and political influence in Lebanon. Critics argue that the Lebanese army may face challenges in enforcing state control over armed groups, particularly in light of Hezbollah's established presence and the complex political landscape in Lebanon.

The Straits TimesReuters

As the Lebanese cabinet prepares to make its decision next week, the outcome will be pivotal in shaping the future of state authority and security in the region. The army's briefing will play a crucial role in determining the next steps in the disarmament process and addressing the ongoing security challenges posed by both internal and external actors.

The Straits Times

• "We have completed the first phase, south of the Litani River. Next week the government will take a decision regarding the second phase." — Paul Morcos, Information Minister

Reuters

• "The objective is to extend state authority and achieve stability, and insofar as these goals can be achieved together, we will proceed." — Paul Morcos, Information Minister

Reuters