Indigenous Protesters Occupy Cargill's Santarem Port Terminal in Brazil

On February 19, 2026, Indigenous protesters occupied Cargill's Santarem river port terminal in Brazil's Para state, effectively halting all operations at the site. This action followed weeks of blocking truck access to the terminal, which began on January 22. Cargill, a major U.S. grain trader, reported that the occupation forced its employees to evacuate the terminal and stated that it is coordinating with local authorities for a potential eviction. The terminal is crucial for Cargill, which exported over 5.5 million metric tons of soybeans and corn through Santarem in the previous year, accounting for more than 70% of the total grain volume handled at the port.

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The protest is rooted in opposition to proposed plans to dredge the Tapajos River, a significant waterway for transporting grains to export markets. The protesters argue that dredging would harm the river's ecosystem, affecting water quality and the fishing practices that sustain local communities. In a letter addressed to the Brazilian government, they emphasized that "Rivers are not export channels: they are a source of life, sustenance, memory, and identity for thousands of families."

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Cargill has expressed concern over the situation, citing "strong evidence of vandalism and damage to assets" at the terminal. The Brazilian government has previously stated that dredging is a routine measure necessary for maintaining river traffic during periods of low water levels. However, the government did not respond immediately to inquiries regarding the ongoing protests.

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The legal landscape surrounding the protests is complex. A Brazilian court had initially ordered the government to take measures to restore access to the terminal, but this decision was appealed by federal prosecutors who argued that it overlooked the rights of Indigenous peoples. They highlighted the need for mediation and direct participation of Indigenous communities before any removal of protesters. The reinstatement of the order to free up access to the terminal has been viewed as a victory for Cargill, but it raises ethical questions about the treatment of Indigenous rights in Brazil.

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There are discrepancies regarding the impact of the protests on Cargill's operations. While Cargill claims that operations have been completely interrupted, reports indicate that the company has managed to continue some activities, as most grains arrive by barge rather than truck. Additionally, local media reported that Indigenous groups have intercepted barges in the area, further complicating the situation.

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• “Rivers are not export channels: they are a source of life, sustenance, memory, and identity for thousands of families,” — Indigenous Protesters

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This ongoing conflict highlights the tension between economic interests and Indigenous rights in Brazil, particularly concerning environmental stewardship and the preservation of local livelihoods.

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