The Age of Weaponized Interdependence: Insights from Abraham Newman

Abraham Newman, a political scientist at Georgetown University, explores the concept of "weaponized interdependence" in his recent discussions and co-authored book, *Underground Empire: How America Weaponised the World Economy*. This concept refers to the strategic use of economic interdependence by states to exert power and influence over others, particularly in the context of globalisation. Newman argues that contrary to the popular belief that globalisation decentralizes power among numerous actors, the reality is that economic networks are highly centralised, allowing states to leverage these connections for coercive purposes.

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Newman highlights that key sectors such as finance, communication, and production are dominated by a few major players. For instance, the production of an iPhone relies on components from companies like TSMC or Samsung, and financial transactions are processed through a limited number of banks. This centralisation contradicts the notion of a flat, decentralized global economy. Instead, it creates vulnerabilities that states can exploit, enabling them to monitor adversaries or exclude them from critical networks.

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The shift towards weaponized interdependence has significant implications for international relations, particularly during the second term of US President Donald Trump. The Trump administration's approach to foreign policy has increasingly reflected this strategy, using economic ties as tools for coercion and influence. This marks a departure from traditional neoliberal views of globalisation, where the focus was primarily on efficiency and mutual benefit.

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Critics of the weaponized interdependence framework argue that it may oversimplify the complexities of global economic interactions. They contend that while states can exert influence, the interconnectedness of global markets also fosters cooperation and interdependence that can mitigate conflict. This perspective emphasizes the dual nature of globalisation, where both cooperation and competition coexist.

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In discussing the implications of weaponized interdependence, Newman states, "States have taken advantage of that. They use that for coercion, either by monitoring and surveilling adversaries or by cutting them out of key networks." This sentiment underscores the strategic shift in how states engage with global economic systems.

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As the concept of weaponized interdependence continues to gain traction, it is likely to influence future policy decisions and international relations strategies. Observers will be keen to see how countries adapt to this evolving landscape and whether they will prioritize cooperation or competition in their economic engagements.

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In summary, the age of weaponized interdependence represents a significant transformation in global geopolitics, where economic ties are increasingly viewed as instruments of power rather than mere channels of trade.

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