Shifting Alliances: The Departure of Cuban Forces from Venezuela

The security relationship between Venezuela and Cuba has been a cornerstone of the Chavista regime since the late 2000s, when Cuban intelligence agents were embedded within the Venezuelan military and the Directorate of Military Counterintelligence (DGCIM). This partnership was crucial in suppressing domestic dissent and maintaining the grip of leaders like Nicolás Maduro and his predecessor, Hugo Chávez.

Cuban Security Forces Withdraw From Venezuela as U.S. Pressure RisesCuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s governmentDelcy Rodriguez orders departure of Cuban security as US pressure fractures Caracas-Havana ties: ReportCuban security advisers withdraw as US intensifies Venezuela pressureNew York Post

In recent weeks, a significant shift has occurred as Cuban security advisers and medical personnel have begun leaving Venezuela. This exodus is reportedly a response to mounting pressure from the United States, which seeks to dismantle the longstanding alliance between Caracas and Havana. Interim President Delcy Rodríguez, who has taken over following Maduro's capture by U.S. forces on January 3, 2026, has opted to rely on Venezuelan bodyguards for her security, marking a departure from the reliance on Cuban forces that characterized previous administrations.

New York PostDelcy Rodriguez orders departure of Cuban security as US pressure fractures Caracas-Havana ties: ReportCuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s governmentCuban Security Forces Withdraw From Venezuela as U.S. Pressure RisesCuban security advisers withdraw as US intensifies Venezuela pressureWall Street Journal

Delcy Rodríguez, the interim president of Venezuela and former vice president under Maduro, is now navigating a complex political landscape. The U.S. government, under President Donald Trump, has intensified efforts to weaken the Venezuela-Cuba alliance, viewing it as a critical step toward regime change in Cuba. Trump has publicly criticized the relationship, stating, “Cuba lived, for many years, on large amounts of OIL and MONEY from Venezuela. In return, Cuba provided ‘Security Services’ for the last two Venezuelan dictators, BUT NOT ANYMORE!”

Delcy Rodriguez orders departure of Cuban security as US pressure fractures Caracas-Havana ties: ReportCuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s governmentCuban Security Forces Withdraw From Venezuela as U.S. Pressure RisesNew York PostCuban security advisers withdraw as US intensifies Venezuela pressureWall Street Journal

U.S. officials have expressed that they maintain a "very good relationship with the leaders of Venezuela" and believe that Rodríguez's interests align with U.S. objectives. Meanwhile, the Cuban government has condemned the U.S. blockade on Venezuelan oil shipments and expressed a willingness to engage in dialogue on equal terms, despite the ongoing pressure.

Cuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s government

Analysts have noted that Rodríguez is treading carefully, attempting to balance her relationship with Cuba while responding to U.S. demands. Frank Mora, a former U.S. ambassador, remarked that Rodríguez is “keeping the Cubans at a distance until this situation calms down.” The departure of Cuban forces could destabilize the political landscape in Venezuela, as their influence has been integral to the survival of the Chavista government.

Cuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s government

Reports regarding the reasons behind the Cuban departures vary. Some sources indicate that Rodríguez ordered the withdrawals due to U.S. pressure, while others suggest that the Cuban personnel may be leaving voluntarily or being recalled by Havana. The exact number of Cuban advisers remaining in Venezuela is also unclear, with some reports indicating that a limited number may still be active.

Cuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s government

The future of the Venezuela-Cuba security relationship remains uncertain as international pressure continues to mount. The U.S. blockade on oil shipments to Cuba has created significant economic strain, and the dynamics between the two nations are likely to evolve as Rodríguez seeks to solidify her power amid these challenges.

Cuban security advisers withdraw as US intensifies Venezuela pressure

• “The Cuban influence was absolutely essential” to the survival of the Chavista government, he said.” — Alejandro Velasco, Associate Professor of History, New York University

Cuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s government

• “Rodriguez is treading very carefully.” — Frank Mora, Former U.S. Ambassador to the Organization of American States

Cuban advisers leave Venezuela amid mounting U.S. pressure on Rodriguez’s government

• “Cuba lived, for many years, on large amounts of OIL and MONEY from Venezuela.” — Donald Trump, President of the United States

Delcy Rodriguez orders departure of Cuban security as US pressure fractures Caracas-Havana ties: Report

This evolving situation highlights the complexities of international relations in Latin America and the potential ramifications for both Venezuela and Cuba as they navigate external pressures and internal dynamics.

Cuban security advisers withdraw as US intensifies Venezuela pressure