Inaccurate Blood Lead Testing Raises Concerns in Broken Hill

Recent testing of children in Broken Hill, New South Wales, has raised significant concerns regarding the accuracy of blood lead level assessments. The LeadCare II testing machine, used for point-of-care testing, has been criticized for its potential to deliver inaccurately low results. Despite the New South Wales (NSW) government's acknowledgment of these inaccuracies, the device continues to be employed in the region, where historical mining activities have led to lead contamination.

The Guardian

Ella's 16-month-old daughter tested at 3.5 micrograms of lead per deciliter (3.5ug/dL), below the Australian investigation threshold of 5ug/dL. However, health experts, including the World Health Organization, assert that no level of lead is considered safe. Internal documents from the NSW Department of Health indicate that even low levels of lead exposure can be linked to cognitive and developmental issues in children. Ella's daughter had previously recorded a higher level of 6.4ug/dL, raising further alarm.

The Guardian

The LeadCare II system was removed from the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods in 2020 due to concerns about its accuracy, with the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) warning of a potential error margin of +/- 6ug/dL. Despite this, the NSW government has continued its use in Broken Hill, citing the need for widespread screening and follow-up care.

The Guardian

Brad Astill, chief executive of the Far West local health district, stated that while the current testing machine is nearing the end of its operational life, the benefits of point-of-care testing outweigh the risks associated with its inaccuracies. He suggested that the district should continue using the existing stock of testing strips until alternatives are available.

The Guardian

Critics, including Greens MP Cate Faehrmann, argue that the NSW Health Department is not providing adequate follow-up support for children with elevated blood lead levels. Families have reported receiving minimal assistance, often limited to cleaning products and advice on hygiene rather than comprehensive medical intervention. Faehrmann emphasized the need for more robust support systems, particularly for children testing above national guidelines.

The Guardian

The NSW chief health officer, Dr. Kerry Chant, acknowledged the limitations of point-of-care tests but emphasized their role in initial screenings, with subsequent venous blood tests required for validation. However, reports indicate that children with elevated levels have not consistently received necessary interventions, such as home assessments or remediation efforts.

The Guardian

A recent report from the NSW chief scientist highlighted that while some progress has been made in reducing environmental lead levels, improvements have stagnated, and access to home remediation remains constrained by funding limitations.

The Guardian

The NSW government has indicated plans to explore new generations of blood lead testing machines. However, the ongoing reliance on the LeadCare II system raises questions about the adequacy of current health responses in Broken Hill. As the community grapples with the implications of lead exposure, the need for a comprehensive and effective strategy to address these health risks remains critical.

The Guardian

• “No test is 100% accurate. There are limitations.” — Dr. Jeremy McAnulty, NSW Health

The Guardian

• “There needs to be a lot more support for kids in this town,” — Alexis, Broken Hill resident

The Guardian

• “The Premier’s Department maintains responsibility for the Broken Hill Environmental Lead Response Group.” — NSW Premier's Department Spokesperson

The Guardian