Controversial Police Powers in New South Wales: Implications for Community Relations and Radicalisation

In December 2025, New South Wales Premier Chris Minns enacted controversial laws aimed at restricting protests and enhancing police powers following the Bondi beach terror attack. These laws, passed on Christmas Eve, empowered the police commissioner to limit public assemblies in designated areas without judicial oversight during declared terrorist threats. However, documents reveal that Minns received warnings from Alexandra Caples, the NSW cabinet office national security executive director, indicating that heavy-handed policing could alienate communities and potentially increase the risk of radicalisation. Caples emphasized the importance of proportionality, judicial oversight, and community engagement to avoid unintended consequences.

The Guardian

The implementation of these laws has sparked significant backlash, particularly from civil rights groups and the Islamic community. Following the laws' enactment, police actions during protests, including the removal of Muslim men during prayers, led to outrage and accusations of excessive force. Critics, including Australian Lawyers Alliance spokesperson Greg Barns, argue that the Minns government has ignored critical advice regarding the disproportionate application of anti-terror laws, particularly towards ethnic minorities. This sentiment is echoed by extremism expert Michael Zekulin, who warns that government overreach exacerbates social grievances, making communities more susceptible to extremist ideologies.

The Guardian

Despite the criticism, the Minns government has defended its approach, asserting that community safety remains the priority. A spokesperson stated that it would be inaccurate to claim that Caples' advice was disregarded, as it did not directly pertain to the laws enacted on December 24. However, the police commissioner, Mal Lanyon, has faced scrutiny for his handling of protests, leading to a private apology to members of the Muslim community. The relationship between the Minns government and this community has reportedly deteriorated, culminating in the cancellation of an annual dinner with community leaders.

The Guardian

Caples cautioned that broader police powers could criminalize controversial speech or association, risking the suppression of legitimate dissent and minority viewpoints. She argued that rapid legislative reforms might drive concerning activities underground, complicating efforts to monitor and address them. As the Minns government continues to navigate these complex issues, the potential for increased social division and radicalisation remains a pressing concern.

The Guardian

• “Heavy-handed enforcement may alienate communities, making individuals less likely to co-operate with authorities or report genuine threats,” — Alexandra Caples, NSW Cabinet Office National Security Executive Director

The Guardian

• “One of the consequences of these laws and this mindset on the part of the government is what we saw during the Herzog visit.” — Greg Barns, Australian Lawyers Alliance Spokesperson

The Guardian

• “What you’re probably doing is creating an environment where more people may investigate ideas they were dismissing earlier, as you’re adding a kernel of truth to what they believe,” — Michael Zekulin, Australian National University Academic

The Guardian

• “Broader powers may criminalise speech or association that is controversial or unpopular, which risks suppressing legitimate dissent, debate or minority viewpoints,” — Alexandra Caples, NSW Cabinet Office National Security Executive Director

The Guardian