The Rise of Sleep Hysteria: Understanding the Impact of Tracking and Anxiety

In recent years, the perception of sleep has shifted dramatically from indifference to obsession, a phenomenon termed "sleep hysteria." This change is partly driven by the wellness industry, which promotes sleep trackers, supplements, and various sleep aids. The term "orthosomnia," coined by sleep scientists in 2017, describes the fixation on achieving "perfect" sleep, often fueled by discrepancies between how individuals believe they should sleep and their actual sleep patterns.

The Guardian

Professors Roz Shafran and Allison Harvey introduced the concept of "sleep privilege" to address the disparities in sleep opportunities among individuals. Factors such as caregiving, chronic health conditions, and shift work can severely disrupt sleep, leading to heightened anxiety about potential health consequences, including fears of developing serious conditions like cancer or Alzheimer’s. This anxiety often overshadows the immediate effects of sleep deprivation, causing distress among those unable to achieve the ideal sleep duration.

The Guardian

The proliferation of sleep tracking devices, including watches, rings, and mobile apps, has transformed how individuals monitor their sleep. However, this monitoring can paradoxically contribute to sleep disturbances. Many users find themselves preoccupied with achieving specific sleep metrics, which can lead to increased anxiety and insomnia. The accuracy of these devices is also called into question, as some may provide misleading data, exacerbating unnecessary worries about sleep quality.

The Guardian

Experts argue that the messaging surrounding sleep has become exaggerated and unhelpful. The notion of the "eight-hour myth" suggests a one-size-fits-all approach to sleep, ignoring individual differences and changing needs throughout life. Prof Jason Ellis compares sleep to a lump of dough, indicating that attempting to stretch sleep beyond personal requirements can lead to disruptions. This oversimplification can cause individuals to struggle unnecessarily to meet unrealistic sleep goals.

The Guardian

While sleep issues are genuine, solutions exist for those facing significant challenges. Digital therapeutics like Sleepio, co-founded by Prof Colin Espie, offer cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia through a smartphone app, which has been recommended by health authorities. Such resources are available through the NHS in Scotland and are expected to expand to England. For those without severe sleep problems, experts suggest a return to "natural sleep," advocating for a less anxious approach to sleep and a reduction in reliance on tracking technologies.

The Guardian

• “This emphasised to me how the messaging around this topic had become exaggerated, distorted and unhelpful.” — Prof Roz Shafran, Clinical Psychologist

The Guardian

• “Perhaps returning to “natural sleep” should become the next health trend you haven’t yet heard of.” — Prof Colin Espie, Co-founder of Sleepio

The Guardian

As society grapples with the implications of sleep hysteria, it is crucial to foster a balanced understanding of sleep needs and the potential pitfalls of tracking technology. By addressing the concept of sleep privilege and promoting realistic sleep goals, individuals can cultivate healthier sleep habits without succumbing to anxiety or misinformation.

The Guardian