Croatia Declares Itself Landmine-Free After 30 Years

In early 2026, Croatia officially declared itself free of landmines, a significant milestone 30 years after the end of its war of independence from 1991 to 1995. The conflict left behind a legacy of over 107,000 landmines and 470,000 unexploded ordnance, resulting in more than 200 fatalities and around 400 injuries. The extensive demining efforts, which cost approximately €1.2 billion (S$1.78 billion), have finally allowed citizens to walk freely without the fear of hidden explosives.

The Straits Times

The impact of landmines on individuals and families has been profound. Juraj Pievac, a survivor, recalls the tragic day when a landmine explosion killed his brother and severely injured his wife, leaving him disabled. “It hit three of us, standing just a few metres apart,” Pievac stated, reflecting on the deep pain that lingers despite the official declaration of safety. His family, like many others, returned to their village only to confront the remnants of war that had claimed their loved ones.

The Straits Times

Davorin Cetin, another survivor, experienced a life-altering explosion while cleaning a yard, which left him severely injured and haunted by the memory of his close friend who died in the incident. Cetin, now an advocate for landmine victims, emphasized the importance of mental health support for survivors, stating, “A huge, great job was done,” but acknowledging that the scars of war remain.

The Straits Times

The United Nations initially estimated that up to one-fifth of Croatia was affected by landmines following the disintegration of Yugoslavia. Although this estimate was later revised, approximately 870 square kilometers required clearance. In contrast, neighboring Bosnia still grapples with landmines, with around 1.6% of its territory suspected to be contaminated, resulting in over 600 deaths since the war's end.

Taipei Times

Demining experts, like Mirsad Tokic, have faced significant risks in their work. Tokic, who lost a leg in a mine explosion, expressed hope for a future without such tragedies, stating, “It would be wonderful if no one ever had to experience such a tragedy again.”

The Straits Times

The Croatian government has celebrated the demining achievement as a pivotal moment for national safety. Survivors and advocates, however, stress the need for ongoing support for those affected by landmines, particularly in terms of mental health care and rehabilitation.

The Straits Times

While Croatia has declared itself landmine-free, the situation in neighboring Bosnia remains precarious, with ongoing concerns about unexploded ordnance. The full extent of the psychological impact on survivors and the adequacy of support systems in place is still under discussion.

The Straits Times

• “It hit three of us, standing just a few metres apart,” — Juraj Pievac, Landmine Survivor

The Straits Times

• “A huge, great job was done.” — Davorin Cetin, Landmine Victim Advocate

The Straits Times

• “It would be wonderful if no one ever had to experience such a tragedy again.” — Mirsad Tokic, Demining Expert

The Straits Times

As Croatia moves forward, the legacy of landmines serves as a reminder of the past, while survivors continue to seek healing and support in their communities.

Taipei Times