Shellear Fish: Remarkable Climbers of the Luvilombo Falls

Researchers have documented a remarkable behavior exhibited by the shellear fish, scientifically known as *Parakneria thysi*, which has been observed climbing the 15-meter (50-foot) tall Luvilombo Falls in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This phenomenon highlights the adaptability of aquatic species in extreme environments, particularly within the ecological context of the Congo Basin, which is home to the world’s second-largest rainforest. The climbing behavior was recorded during seasonal floods at the end of the rainy season, typically in April and May, with the fish ascending the vertical rock face in small to medium sizes, measuring between 3.7 to 4.8 centimeters (1.5 to 1.9 inches) long.

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The shellear fish utilize their pectoral fins to cling to wet rock surfaces, supported by pelvic fins and aided by tiny hook-like projections known as unculi, which enhance their grip. The fish propel themselves upward by wiggling their bodies from side to side, a process that can take nearly 10 hours to complete. However, this ascent is fraught with risks; sudden jets of water can dislodge them, particularly when navigating overhanging sections. Fish that fall into the water may have the opportunity to start climbing again, but those landing on rocks may not survive.

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The climbing behavior appears to be driven by survival instincts. By ascending the falls, the shellear fish may seek out habitats with less competition and fewer predators, as well as better breeding conditions and resource availability. This behavior underscores the ecological significance of the species and the need for further research on fish behavior in the Congo Basin.

Shellear Fish Climbs 15-Metre Waterfalls in Congo – GKToday

Despite their unique adaptations, the shellear fish faces significant threats from human activities. Illegal fishing practices, particularly the use of fine-mesh mosquito nets, pose a major risk as they can easily capture these small fish. Additionally, water extraction for irrigation has led to reduced water levels in the Luvilombo River, threatening the species’ habitat and survival.

Shellear Fish Climbs 15-Metre Waterfalls in Congo – GKToday

Pacifique Kiwele, a researcher in ichthyology at the Université de Lubumbashi and lead author of the study published in *Scientific Reports*, emphasized the importance of this discovery, stating, “It prompts scientists to be even more vigilant in their observations, as anything is possible.” This statement reflects the need for ongoing research and conservation efforts in the Congo Basin.

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• “It prompts scientists to be even more vigilant in their observations, as anything is possible.” — Pacifique Kiwele, Researcher, Université de Lubumbashi

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• “Some fish lose their grip when sudden jets of water hit them, knocking them off the rock face - particularly when they flip upside down to navigate overhanging sections.” — Researchers on the risks faced during the climb.

Reuters

• “This discovery highlights the extraordinary adaptability of aquatic species in extreme environments and has drawn attention to the ecological uniqueness of the Congo Basin.” — Researchers on the significance of the shellear fish's climbing ability.

Shellear Fish Climbs 15-Metre Waterfalls in Congo – GKToday

The climbing behavior of the shellear fish not only showcases the wonders of nature but also calls attention to the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect this unique species and its habitat in the Congo Basin.

Shellear Fish Climbs 15-Metre Waterfalls in Congo – GKToday