Full Breakdown
Analysis of North Korean Ballistic Missiles Used in Ukraine
4/17/2026, 9:01:46 PM
Findings on Missile Technology
A recent analysis by Ukraine's defense ministry has revealed significant insights into two North Korean ballistic missile types, the KN-23 and KN-24. Conducted by military engineers and scientists, the study involved laboratory examinations of missile debris found in Ukraine in early 2024. The report indicates that these missiles were constructed using commercial electronics and outdated manufacturing methods, some of which date back as far as 50 years. The analysis highlighted that the missiles, while similar to Russian counterparts, utilized less energy-efficient fuel and required engines that were 50% larger to achieve comparable ranges.
The KN-23, also known as the Hwasong-11A, was first showcased by North Korea during a military parade in 2018, and is often likened to Russia's Iskander-M short-range ballistic missile. The KN-24, introduced as the Hwasong-11B in 2019, shares characteristics with the US-made ATACMS tactical ballistic missile. However, the Ukrainian report suggests that these North Korean missiles are not direct analogs to the Iskander-9M723 but rather represent a refined version of earlier Iskander missile developments.
Components and Production Methods
The Ukrainian defense ministry's forensic analysis identified that the missiles were tipped with graphite, a cost-effective solution for thermal protection during flight. Additionally, the control units of the KN-23 and KN-24 were found to contain civilian components sourced from leading global brands, indicating that North Korea may be circumventing international sanctions by procuring these chips. The military intelligence agency of Ukraine, GUR, reported that components from the missiles were manufactured by companies in China, Japan, Switzerland, the UK, and the US.
Operational Performance and Reliability
Ukrainian officials have characterized the operational performance of these missiles as highly inaccurate and unreliable, with reports indicating that at least half of the missiles exploded in the air before reaching their intended targets. In early 2025, Ukraine claimed to have intercepted KN-24 missiles launched by Russia against Kyiv. The Ukrainian government accused North Korea of supplying Russia with at least 148 ballistic missiles, further complicating the ongoing conflict.
Broader Implications
The relationship between Russia and North Korea has reportedly strengthened since the onset of the war in Ukraine, with Russia receiving military support from North Korea, including troops and arms. Concerns have been raised by the United States and South Korea regarding North Korea's acquisition of combat knowledge and advancements in arms production as a result of this collaboration.
Criticism & Opposition
Critics of North Korea's missile technology point to the reliance on outdated manufacturing techniques and the potential implications for global security. The use of less efficient fuel and the high failure rate of the missiles raises questions about the effectiveness of North Korea's military capabilities.
Verbatim Quotes
- “At the same time, outdated methods are used during production, and the quality of the soldering is about 50 years old,” — Ukraine's Defense Ministry
- “Pyongyang is apparently purchasing these chips to circumvent sanctions,” — Ukraine's Defense Ministry
- “Ukrainian officials said at the time that the munitions were highly inaccurate and unreliable, with at least half exploding in the air before reaching their targets.” — Ukrainian Officials
