Brazilian Women Turn to Self-Defense Amid Rising Gender-Based Violence

In Brazil, gender-based violence has reached alarming levels, prompting women to seek self-defense training as a means of protection. A 2025 survey revealed that 37.5% of women reported experiencing some form of violence in the past year, a significant increase from 28.6% eight years prior. The number of femicides rose by 14.5% over five years, totaling 1,568 cases in 2025. Disturbingly, in 16 of Brazil's 27 states, 13% of femicide victims had previously obtained restraining orders against their assailants.

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In response to this crisis, various organizations and individuals have initiated self-defense programs. The Instituto de Defesa da População Negra, in collaboration with Rio city hall, has organized free self-defense classes, attracting participants like Sabrina Fortunato, a law student seeking to feel safer in her environment. Érica Paes, a former MMA athlete, founded the Empoderadas program, which has served 35,000 women over seven years, offering self-defense training alongside legal and psychological support.

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Recent market surveys indicate that six in ten Brazilian women either practice or wish to learn a combat sport, with self-protection cited as a primary motivation. Mariana Rocha, a jiujitsu practitioner, noted that training enhances awareness and confidence, essential tools for avoiding potential assaults.

The Guardian

The rise in violence against women has been linked to the influence of misogynistic online communities, particularly the "manosphere." Samira Bueno, executive director of the Brazilian Forum on Public Safety, highlighted troubling incidents, including a gang-rape suspect who wore a T-shirt emblazoned with a phrase popularized by influencer Andrew Tate. In response to growing concerns, Brazil's Senate approved a bill to classify misogyny as a hate crime, pending approval from the lower house. Additionally, the government has updated the Maria da Penha law to enhance protections for victims.

The Guardian

Despite these legislative efforts, critics argue that the government has failed to adequately enforce existing laws. Bueno stated, “Women feel unprotected and the state has failed them,” emphasizing the need for effective public policy investment. Milane Lobato, a muay thai instructor who offers free classes in Rocinha, Rio's largest favela, echoed this sentiment, noting that while laws exist, their enforcement is lacking. Her initiative not only teaches self-defense but also fosters a supportive community for women escaping abusive situations.

The Guardian

As Brazilian women increasingly turn to self-defense training, they are not only seeking physical safety but also a sense of empowerment and community. The combination of self-defense classes and legislative efforts reflects a growing recognition of the urgent need to address gender-based violence in Brazil. While challenges remain, these initiatives represent a proactive approach to reclaiming safety and agency in a society grappling with systemic violence against women.

The Guardian