AAP Calls for Protected Recess in U.S. Schools

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) issued a new policy statement in *Pediatrics*, the first update in 13 years. The guidance advises schools to provide at least 20 minutes of recess daily and to forbid withholding recess for academic or disciplinary reasons. It cites recent research linking unstructured play to better information retention, social skill development, and physical health.

Associated Press

Since the mid-2000s, districts have cut or eliminated recess, a trend documented by Springboard to Active Schools and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Their data show that up to 40 % of districts have reduced recess time to accommodate emphasis on standardized testing.

Associated Press

One in five U.S. children and adolescents is classified as obese. Recess periods now range from under 10 minutes to over an hour daily. In Denmark, Japan and the United Kingdom, schools schedule breaks after every 45–50 minutes of instruction. The AAP’s 20-minute minimum aligns with studies showing short breaks improve learning and stress regulation.

Associated Press

Dr. Robert Murray, lead author of AAP statement, said recess provides a powerful benefit when fully utilized and warned that using it as punishment undermines its value. He noted that students with behavioral or academic challenges are often most deprived of recess. Dr. Lauren Fiechtner, a childhood-obesity specialist at Mass General Brigham for Children, praised guidance, emphasizing that outdoor play counters screen time and supports physical activity for middle- and high-school students.

Associated Press

The sources do not present direct measurements of how specific recess durations affect academic achievement, nor do they quantify the impact of a 20-minute minimum on obesity rates. Research is needed to evaluate outcomes across districts.

Associated Press

• “It has a very powerful benefit if it’s used to the fullest.” — Dr. Robert Murray, lead author, AAP

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• “If the child is disruptive or rude and disrespectful, recess is one of the things that teachers use to punish kids,” — Dr. Robert Murray, AAP

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• “They should get a long enough period of time where they can de-stress and blow off steam and prepare for the next class,” — Dr. Robert Murray, AAP

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• “As kids get older, they’re more on their screens. So it’s really helpful, I think, for outdoor activity and recess to be happening,” — Dr. Lauren Fiechtner, Mass General Brigham for Children

Associated Press

The AAP’s guidance calls on educators and policymakers to protect recess as a core element of the school day. By framing recess as essential for cognition, social development and obesity prevention, the recommendation seeks to balance academic goals with child health. Implementation requires schedule adjustments, space for unstructured play, and resistance to pressures that trade recess for classroom time.

Associated Press