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Story summary
- CERN scientists collided oxygen atoms with protons on July 1 2025 to mimic cosmic rays.
- ATLAS recorded over 200 million collision images each day using silicon sensor cameras.
- Physicists measured particle counts and energies ten times more precisely than existing models.
- Data indicate a higher hydrogen fraction in high-energy cosmic rays than previously thought.
- Lydia Beresford’s team reconfigured the LHC to use an oxygen beam as atmospheric target.