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Researchers Demonstrate RSA Signature Forgery on 1,024-Bit Keys

By Drooid · Sep 25, 2026, 2:12 AM UTC · How we work

Summary

Story summary

UC San Diego and Inria Nancy researchers demonstrated an eNFS attack that forges signatures on 1,024-bit RSA keys.
The attack required 1,380 CPU core-years of computation over five months and 232 oracle queries.
After oracle responses, forging a signature or decrypting ciphertext needs about 180 core-years offline.
Researchers advise disabling raw RSA, auditing HSM policies, rotating blind-signature keys, and adopting post-quantum cryptography.

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Story summary

UC San Diego and Inria Nancy researchers demonstrated an eNFS attack that forges signatures on 1,024-bit RSA keys.
The attack required 1,380 CPU core-years of computation over five months and 232 oracle queries.
After oracle responses, forging a signature or decrypting ciphertext needs about 180 core-years offline.
Researchers advise disabling raw RSA, auditing HSM policies, rotating blind-signature keys, and adopting post-quantum cryptography.