Story perspectives

NCERT Releases Class 9 “Understanding Society” Part 2

By Drooid · Sep 30, 2026, 10:33 AM UTC · How we work

History

BJP historical rewrite

NCERT released Class 9 Social Science textbook “Understanding Society: India and Beyond – Part 2” on 29 September 2026.
It attributes invasions from the 7th to 17th centuries to India’s agricultural surplus and wealth, labeling expansion and religious motives as drivers.
The edition swaps European-revolution chapters for extensive coverage of medieval Indian resistance and invasion impacts.
Critics say BJP-led revisions omitted women rulers Nur Jahan, Razia Sultan and gave judgments of Babur, Akbar.

Right

Mughal Sikh Oppression

NCERT released the Social Science textbook “Understanding Society: India and Beyond – Part 2” on 29 September 2026.
The book stresses Sikh persecution required firm resistance and, when necessary, armed defence.
Chapter “Resistance and Resilience” links invasions since 7th century to religious warfare tradition.
It portrays Mughal oppression of Sikh Gurus as rooted in rigid discriminatory religious practices.
Jahangir executed Guru Arjan Dev for Khusrau support; Aurangzeb executed Guru Tegh Bahadur in 1675.

Center

Guru Martyrdom Evidence

NCERT released the Class 9 Social Science textbook “Understanding Society: India and Beyond – Part 2” on Tuesday, 29 September 2026.
The book foregrounds Mughal brutality against Sikh Gurus and frames diverse regional resistance to Mughal and Delhi Sultanate rule.
That chapter lists Arab forces, Mahmud of Ghazni, Delhi Sultanate, from the 7th century onward.
It records Mughal executions of Guru Arjan Dev by Jahangir and Guru Tegh Bahadur by Aurangzeb.

Blindspot

Critics say the BJP-led textbook revisions omitted women rulers such as Nur Jahan and Razia Sultan and present Babur and Akbar with mixed moral judgments.
Within this story's sources, this angle appears mainly in Left-leaning coverage and receives less attention in Center-leaning and Right-leaning coverage.

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BJP historical rewrite

NCERT released Class 9 Social Science textbook “Understanding Society: India and Beyond – Part 2” on 29 September 2026.
It attributes invasions from the 7th to 17th centuries to India’s agricultural surplus and wealth, labeling expansion and religious motives as drivers.
The edition swaps European-revolution chapters for extensive coverage of medieval Indian resistance and invasion impacts.
Critics say BJP-led revisions omitted women rulers Nur Jahan, Razia Sultan and gave judgments of Babur, Akbar.

1 / 4